Asian Journal
Of Traditional Medicines

Abstract: The antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activities of the ethanol extract of the flowers and the hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts of the unripe fruits from Solanum spirale Roxb. were investigated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by examining the scavenging effect on 2, 2´-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH●) and the total phenolic content was estimated by the Folin Ciocalteu reagent. Quantitative determination of phenols in the extracts was carried out using a spectrophotometric method. The ethanol extract of the flowers contained the maximum amount of total phenols (114.00 mg GAE, g extract). The ethanol and methanol extracts of the flowers and unripe fruits inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. These extracts had the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) between 48.88-375.00 µg/ml. The ethanol extract of the flowers possessed anticancer activity against KB-Oral cavity cancer (IC50=45.970 µg/ml), MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50=27.910 µg/ml), and NCI-H187-Small cell lung cancer (IC50=37.640 µg/ml), but the hexane and methanol extracts of the unripe fruits did not exhibit any anticancer activity. The chloroform extract of the unripe fruits showed anticancer activity against NCI-H187-Small cell lung cancer with an IC50 of 29.230 µg/ml, but it did not have any activity against KB-Oral cavity cancer and MCF-7-Breast cancer. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to describe the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of material obtained from the flowers and unripe fruits of S. spirale.

Key words: Solanum spirale, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity